![]() These two waves which may not necessarily be monochromatic can be written in equations: Without losing generality, we can set z = 0. We consider two plane waves that are orthogonal to each other at a point in space (x, y, z). The Derivation of Stokes Polarization Parameters The intensity of the polarized part of the lightwave is given by: The intensity of right or left circular polarization S 3.The intensity of linear +45° or -45° polarization S 2. ![]() The intensity of linear horizontal or vertical polarization S 1.The total intensity of the light (polarized + unpolarized) S 0.In 1852, Sir George Gabriel Stokes (1819 - 1903, mathematician, physicist, politician and theologian of Ireland), found that any state of polarized light could be completely described by four measurable quantities: We can only use time averaged values of the optical field that we can observe. Thus, in practice we have to describe light with observed or measured quantities. Polarization ellipse is an idealization of the true behavior of light it is only correct at any given instant of time which we cannot observe directly. But in practice, most lights are partially polarized. It can not be used to describe partially polarized nor unpolarized light. The polarization ellipse can only describe completely polarized light.We cannot actually observe the polarization ellipse. Lights are of very high frequencies, a single period of vibration is in a time interval of the order 10 -15 sec. ![]() Linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light are shown to be just special cases of polarization ellipse.īut, there two serious limitations of polarization ellipse (also Jones matrix calculus): As introduced in the article of " polarization states" and Jones Matrix (click to learn more), polarization ellipse is very useful since we can study the various states of polarized light from a single equation. ![]()
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